Tshuaj lom neeg dej yog cov chav kawm ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg tshwj xeeb siv los txhim kho cov pa dej zoo, thiab kho cov txheej txheem dej kho kom zoo. Lawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam, hauv nroog, thiab cov ntawv teev npe nyob. Lawv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv kev sib cais, kev hloov pauv, lossis ua kom muaj kev ua kom muaj kuab lom thiab siv tshuaj lom neeg, lub cev, lossis roj ntsha.
Kev Tshem Tawm Kev Nyab Xeeb thiab Sib Cais Ua Haujlwm
Ib qho ntawm cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tua dej yog qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm ntau cov pa paug nyob hauv dej. Piv txwv li, coagulants (xws li polyaluminum chloride thiab txhuas sulfate) siv hluav taws xob tsis pub muaj zog thiab cov kaus poom mus rau hauv cov nplaim loj, yooj yim sib cais tom qab. Coagulants (xws li polyacrylamide) ntxiv txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig flocculation thiab txhim kho cov khoom khov kho-}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}} kua tov kev ua haujlwm. Rau soluble kuab paug, oxidants (xws li sodium hypocalite thiab tua cov neeg sawv cev oxidized) yog siv los tua cov tshuaj uas seem oxidized lossis cov pa roj av uas muaj zog, ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb hnyav.
Kev tswj kom zoo thiab ua kom ruaj khov
Tshuaj lom neeg dej kuj tseem tuaj yeem tswj cov haujlwm ua haujlwm ruaj khov los ntawm kev kho lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov dej. Ph cov kev kho (xws li sodium hydroxide thiab hydrochloric acid) tswj dej pheeb suab ph los tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej siv corrosion thiab txheej txheem tsis ua haujlwm. Nplai inibitors (xws li organic phosphonates thiab polycarbox accium los ntawm kev sib cais los ntawm kev sib xyaw lossis kev tiv thaiv cov khoom tseem ceeb xws li kev hloov pauv kub. Corrosion Inhibitors (xws li zinc ntsev thiab molybdates) tsim zaj duab xis tiv thaiv ntawm cov hlau chaw, qeeb kev ua kom huv. Ntxiv mus, biocides (xws li iSociazoline thiab Quadary Ammobial Saltsures, tiv thaiv biofilm kev loj hlob thiab ua kom muaj kev ua kom zoo thiab kev nyiam huv.
Cov Haujlwm Tshwj Xeeb thiab Cov Ntawv Siv Khoom Siv
Tshuaj lom neeg dej tshuaj kuj muaj cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb rau cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb. Piv txwv, ion sib pauv resins tshem tawm cov hlau hnyav los yog cov dej nyuaj los ntawm kev xaiv adsorption; Ua kom cov pa roj carbon, nrog nws cov npoo siab, nqus ntxhiab, cov teeb meem organic, thiab seem ntawm cov tshuaj chlorine; thiab membrane kev kho mob tshuaj (xws li ntsuas inhibitors thiab dispersants) yog siv nrog cov txheej txheem Osmosis thiab lwm yam kev ua kom zoo thiab hloov tshiab. Hauv cov peev txheej rov ua haujlwm, demulsifiers tuaj yeem nyias cov roj av los ntawm oily cov hlau nyob rau hauv dej lwg, ua tiav cov khoom siv dej kom ua tiav thiab cov peev txheej siv tau.
Lub ntsiab
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm cov tshuaj kho dej kho mob yog tsim rau cov tshuaj lom neeg. Los ntawm cov kuab paug tshem tawm, dej ua haujlwm zoo, thiab cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb, lawv muab cov kev daws teeb meem dej ntau yam nyob hauv ntau thaj teb. Nrog rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig ntau thiab thev naus laus zis, kev txhawb nqa ib puag ncig dej, thiab ib puag ncig ntiaj teb cov dej kev tswj hwm nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig kev coj ua.
